I-Cacti zizityalo ezizodwa kwaye zinomdla eziye zavela ukuze ziphile kwezinye zezona ndawo zinzima nezomileyo emhlabeni.Ezi zityalo zivuzayo zinesakhono esimangalisayo sokumelana neemeko zembalela ezimandla, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo kwaye zithandeke.Kweli nqaku, siza kungena kwihlabathi le-cacti kwaye siphonononge ukuba kutheni bengabulawa lunxano.
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zecacti ziziqu zabo ezinencindi.Ngokungafaniyo nezityalo ezininzi ezithembele kumagqabi azo kwi-photosynthesis, i-cacti iye yavela ukuze igcine amanzi kwiziqu zayo ezinobunzima kunye nenyama.Ezi ziqu zisebenza njengamadama, nto leyo evumela i-cacti ukuba igcine isixa esikhulu samanzi ngamaxesha emvula okanye ukufuma okuphezulu.Le nkqubo yakhiweyo yokugcina amanzi yenza ukuba i-cacti ikwazi ukuphila ixesha elide lembalela, njengoko ikwazi ukungena kolu vimba xa amanzi enqabile.
Ngapha koko, i-cacti ilungelelanise amagqabi ayo ukunciphisa ilahleko yamanzi.Ngokungafaniyo nezakhiwo ezibanzi kunye namagqabi ezifumaneka kwizityalo ezininzi, i-cacti iye yavelisa amagqabi aguquliweyo abizwa ngokuba yi-spines.Ezi spines zisebenza ngeenjongo ezininzi, enye yazo kukunciphisa ilahleko yamanzi ngokudlula.Ngokuba neendawo ezisezantsi nezincinci ezisesibhakabhakeni, i-cacti inokonga amanzi alinganiselweyo enawo.
Ukongeza kumandla abo okugcina amanzi amangalisayo, i-cacti iphinde yaphuhlisa ulungelelwaniso olulodwa lwe-physiological kunye ne-anatomical ukuze luphile kwiimeko ezomileyo.Ngokomzekelo, i-cacti inezicubu ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-CAM (i-Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) ezivumela ukuba zenze i-photosynthesis ebusuku, xa ubushushu bupholile kwaye umngcipheko wokulahlekelwa kwamanzi ngokuphuma kwamanzi uphantsi.Le photosynthesis yasebusuku inceda i-cacti ukuba ilondoloze amanzi emini, xa ilanga elitshisayo linokuphelisa ngokukhawuleza amanzi abo.
Ngaphezu koko, i-cacti inenkqubo yeengcambu engekho nzulu kwaye ibanzi eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukufunxa ngokukhawuleza nakuphi na ukufuma okukhoyo emhlabeni.Ezi ngcambu zingenzulwanga zisasazeke ngokuthe tye kunokuba nzulu, nto leyo evumela izityalo ukuba zibambe amanzi kwindawo enkulu.Oku kuziqhelanisa kuvumela i-cacti ukuba yenze eyona mvula incinci okanye umbethe, ngokufanelekileyo ukwandisa umthamo wabo wamanzi.
Okubangela umdla kukuba, i-cacti ikwaziinkosi zokunciphisa ilahleko yabo yonke yamanzi ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-crassulacean acid metabolism.Izityalo ze-CAM, ezifana ne-cacti, zivula i-stomata yazo ebusuku ukuze zibambe i-carbon dioxide, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi ngexesha lezona ndawo zishushu kakhulu emini.
Ukuqukumbela, i-cacti iye yavelisa uhlengahlengiso oluninzi olubenza baphumelele kwindawo eyomileyo kwaye baphephe ukubulawa lunxano.Iziqu zabo ezinomsoco zigcina iindawo zokugcina amanzi, amaqabunga abo atshintshiweyo anciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi, i-photosynthesis yeCAM yabo ivumela ukubamba i-carbon dioxide ebusuku, kwaye iingcambu zabo ezinzulu zandisa ukunyuswa kwamanzi.Olu hlengahlengiso lumangalisayo lubonisa ukomelela kunye nemvelo yokusinda kwe-cacti, kubenza babe ziintshatsheli zokwenyani zokunyamezela imbalela.Ngexesha elizayo xa udibana necactus entlango, thatha umzuzwana ukuxabisa uhlengahlengiso olungaqhelekanga oluyivumelayo ukuba inyamezele kwaye ichume kwindawo ebonakala ingenamdla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-31-2023